Front Page

Reviewing Argus Progress

With the Annual Report in the mail to you, this is perhaps the appropriate time to discuss what it means to be an Argus employee and how much it costs to keep all of us working. As many of you know, the last fiscal year was very successful for us with sales reaching $19,447,541. This is more than six million dollars greater than our volume of business for the previous year. It means that this past year we have become more firmly established as a producer of fine cameras and projectors. Our quality and good name are recognized throughout the world, and that recognition has come back to us in the form of greater job opportunities and greater job security. EMPLOYEE BENE FITS INCREASE Last year almost one-and-a-half million dollars more was paid out to employees than the year bef ore. Since our employment figure increased by an average of 200 persons, most of that million -and -a-half went into paychecks and benefits for all of us. Last year our annual improvement factor was increased to 5L an hour. Costof-living adjustments added another cent to our paychecks. All skilled workers received a 10L an hour increase this summer. As a result of these and other wage improvements, all incentive workers are now receiving the maximum group insurance benefits. Besides that, our growing business made it possible for the company to contribute a record amount to the profit-sharing fund, so that every profit-sharer received an additional $4 for every $1 invested. EFFICIENCY HELPS ABSORB EXTRA COSTS Raw materials, other goods and services cost us three a-half million dollars more last year than they did in fiscal 1951-52. A good portion of that was due to the increased prices we had to pay to buy parts for our products. Yet we were able to absorb the extra cost, and still cut the price of se ver al products making them some of the most attractive buys in the photographic market today. Everyone had to pitch in to make that possible. By working together efficiently, and by finding new ways of cutting production costs without lowering our quality we have been able to pass on considerable savings to our customers. MOST EXTRA SALES PAID OUT IN TAXES Although our business was $6,000,000 greater last year, we were able to set aside only an additional

$290,000 for expansión, future growth, and the new machines that will help us produce more for less. The reason for this is the great amount of federal income and excess profits taxes we must pay out of the money left after our bilis and payrolls have been met. Last year we paid out one and one-quarter times our entire net worth in direct federal taxes alone. The excess profits tax law is due to expire at the end of this year, and I believe it will remove the greatest restrictive influence on our companyTs growth. SALES CONTINUE TO SET RECORDS Sales for the beginning of the new fiscal year have continued to follow an upward trend. September sales set a new record for one month. They came to over $2,000,000, the greatest part of which were sales of our commercial products. Earlier in the year we were cautious about fall schedules because of talk in financial circles about a falling off of business. Although talk of a mild recession is still quite prevalent, Argus does not seem to be affected yet. Demand for our products has never been higher. We have sold all the cameras we can make between now and Christmas and actually have more orders than we can produce. Right now we are pushing for extra production so that we can take care of as much excess Christmas demand as possible. The important consideration is not just making money f rom these extra products, but having Argus products available for those who want them. It is always undesirable not to be able to fill a customer's order because he might go to a competitor. That would hurt our business in the long run. TOO EARLY TO FORECAST FUTURE BUSINESS We canft pr edict at this time what the demand will be in the first quarter of next year. Our present demand is a hopeful indication that at the end of the Christmas season our dealers shelves will be substantially empty, creating an active business for early 1954. An active demand from overseas Army and Navy Exchanges will help us build sales volume for next year. In addition, our government business is continuing on a fairly steady basis with orders on hand to carry us through to the end of the calendar year 1954.

Eye Opener!

When you see this sign . . . be alert for a child who may be careless. Remember, he'son nis way up in the world . . . an accident can mean a tragic detour! DRIVE CAREFULLY- the child you save may be your own.

Cover

The young boy on the cover was given a normal life by Red Feather agencies. The picture was taken by Eek Stanger, of the Ann Arbor News.

Party Honors Dick Dorow

Argus Selected As Unique "growth Firm"

The growth of Argus in less than 25 years has been so outstanding that members of the National, Association of Investment Clubs want to hear more about it. For their national convention in Detroit, October 24, they have scheduled Robert E. Lewis as their principal speaker to explain how Argus developed from a struggling radio concern in the depths of the depression to a world leader in the photographic industry. Representatives from all over the country will be attending the convention. The investment club movement began in the Detroit-Ann Arbor área and has since spread throughout the United States.

Jim Yates Visits Plant On Furlough

Jim Yates, on military leave f rom Camera Assembly, dropped in to visit bis friends in the department during a ten-day furlough in September. Jim has completed supply school and is stationed at Fort Knox, Ky. His address is: Pvt. James Yates U.S. 55316487, Co. A 30th Tank Bn. , Fort Knox, Ky.

It's A Date!

What: ANNUAL COMPANY I DINNER 1 When: MONDA Y, NOVEMBER 9 I 6:45 p.m. 1 Where: MICHIGAN UNION BALLROOM j Mark your calendar now! Make your reservation in ' the Personnel Department. I Plans have been made for a I dinner youTll remember! t L - , _, l

Profit-sharers Divide $253,551 Company Contribution

Better than a quarter of a million dollars changed hands when Argus President, Robert E. Lewis, turned over this check, the company' s contribution to the Profit-Sharing Fund, to Les Schwanbeck, Jess Cope, and Harold Peterson, employee members of the Fund's Management Committee. In the picture above, Vice-President Clinton Harris, and Industrial Relations Director Jim Brinkerhoff, also members of the Management Committee, enjoy the proceedings. This year's contribution is the largest in the history of the Profit-Sharing Fund. It represents $4 for every $1 invested by employees last year. As a result of the company deposit, every $200 invested by an employee as of July 31, 1953, is now worth $1000. Enlarging the original $200 even more will be interest on the combined company and employee investment plus reUnquishments.

U. S. Congressmen Tour Argus

On his recent tour of Michigan, Senator Homer Ferguson, accompanied by Representative George Meader, found time to visit several departments and employees at Argus. Both Congressmen are from Michigan.

There's Rhyme In Safety

Ten little Argusites Feeling fit and fine One smoked in the Paint Shop, Then the re were nine

Nine little Argusites Thought they'd be late; One rushed over the railroad tracks -- Then the re we re eight.

Eight little Argusites Looking up to heaven; One feil off the loading doek, Then there were seven.

Seven little Argusites, Putting in hard licks One cleaned a moving, machine Then the re we re six.

Six little Argusites Glad to be alive; One forgot his goggles, Then the re we re five.

Five little Argusites, Standing near a door, One thought a wire was dead, Then there were four.

Four little Argusites, One scratched his knee-DidnTt go to First Aid, Then the re we re three.

Three little Argusites, Lots of work to do, One oiled a moving shaft Then the re we re two.

Two little Argusites Left their jobs on the run-One misséd his footing, Then the re was one.

One little Argusite, Thought of the other nine Began to practice safety - Now he's doing fine!

Employees Learn To Use New Life-saving Resuscitator

One of the finest resuscitators to be found in the Ann Arbor área has been purchased by the Recreation Club for use in the plant and at Independence Lake. It can be used on three persons simultaneously to save them from drowning or choking, or to provide a flow of oxygen if they are suffering from heart attack, shock, or gas poisoning. To make sure that someone is always on hand who can opérate the re - suscitator, the following persons have been instructed in its use: Fran Watterworth, First Aid; Wilfred Bonnewell, Recreation Area; Lt. J. M. Pettit and Sgt. Ernest Barker, plant protection officers; Donald Crump, Quality Control; Fred Alchin, Production Planning; Herman Bauer, Salvage; LloydUssery, Engineering; Art Parker, Jr. , Standards; and Vincent Swickerath, Receiving Inspection.

Call Issued For Ground Observers

One hundred persons are needed immediately for the Ground Observers Corps to help report aircraft passing over Ann Arbor. Volunteers spend two hours a week at the Ground Observer post at the top of the Michigan Union and report all multi-motored planes and formations to the filter center in Grand Rapids. The urgent need for civilian volunteer observe rs was pointed up with the recent "Operation SkywatchM, a practice Air Corps

uever in which bombers passed over Ann Arbor without being detected. The present Ann Arbor force numbers only 13 members and is too small to do an effective job. Among the present volunteer observers are Lloyd Davis, of Blocking, and Lester Michael, of Service. Persons who have two hours a week to spare, and who are interested in serving their country in this way are asked to contact either Lloyd or MMike" for further information.

It's As Easy As This To Win $1166.55!

Max Robinson and Louis Davis work together on the C4 line. They' re pretty good friends, and working side by side they've come up with several ideas to cut production time or labor. One day last year, they turned in the suggestion reproduced at the right. This month it paid off for them to the tune of $1166.55! Max and Louis were paid $500 six months ago when their idea was accepted. The balance of $666. 55 was just awarded them as a result of actual savings during a six-month test period. Max and Louis had an idea that rejects ran only 2 or 3 % and that a second checker could be eliminated. A thorough check showed they were right. Their idea shows how easy it can be to win a substantial award. Other large awards were received

by Louis Belleau, Dept. 10 ($170.63), Bill Dusterhoft, Dept. 22 ($100), Victor Devlin, Dept. 22 ($76.35), Maurie Howe, Dept. 10 ($25) and Henry Minges, Dept. 9 ($25). Ten-dollar awards went to Bob Alian, Dept. 52, Jerry Patterson, Dept. 53, and Stanley Ruffin, Dept. 22. Betty Shattuck, of Dept. 64, and Tess Canja, of Dept. 65 were awarded $5 each.

TYPE OF INFORMATION ;-HT PROPOSED METHOD shouid be done _JW . y&tjfjfeA AJÜ SUunrrj! Of GVO? HOanitbedone , C d Should It Be ju _ P Oi i ■ ) Aga jL _AAtK c- QLj; - - y'íe&Éí aé 3&í w% _

Anniversaries

Color Slide Contest

Zttte 1 qA QcuMnlte. elide! f953 (lecbecUiaH. QluL

This is your chance to win enlargements of your favorite color slides--perhaps some you took on your vacation this summer. All slides entered will be divided into two -animate and inanimate--with equal prizes for both classes. FIRST PLACE WINNER One 8x10 Kodachrome Color Enlargement SECOND PLACE WINNER One 5x7 Kodachrome Color Enlargement THIRD PLACE WINNER One 3x5 Kodachrome Color Enlargement HONORABLE MENTION 5-6-7-8) One Each Wallet Size Color Enlargement RULES 1. Each person may enter up to 4 color slides from 35 mm or bantam film. 2. All entries must have been taken with an Argus. 3. Judges will decide in which class your slide should be. 4. Print your name and department on a slip of paper, Enclose slip with your entries in an Argus factory mail envelope and address to GIRVAN. Give the envelope to your foreman or supervisor, or place it in one of the regular factory mail stations. 5. Contest closes Monday? October 26, 1953. 6. Decisión of the judges will be final. 7. Contest is strictly limited to amateurs.

You Asked Andy

Another month--and another potful of questions to keep oV Andy busy. Will Van Dyke wants to know why smaller families couldn't be given two chickens instead of the turkeys atChristmas. Some smaller turkeys were ordered in the past. Very few wanted them. Last year the Mrs. had ours cut in half at the company's freezer (Liberty Locker). We stored the other half there and are having it for Thanksgiving. Paid Factory Sick Leave AMDisgusted Night Shift Guy" wants to know why factory workers donft get paid sick leave. Sturgis pulled out a survey showing that very few companies in the area give it. If the practice becomes more common, Argus will look into it. Qrchids for Mrs. Winney This one's a pleasure to pass on. It's f rom a number of girls in Plant I. "We have a wonderful cleaning lady. She is busy all the time and keepsour rest room very clean. " Mrs. Winney left bef ore I could show it to her. Mrs. LindsayTs doing a fine job, too, I hear. Rest Periods--Favoritism Two questions came in on rest periods and the possibility of favor - itism being shown with two people on the same job. They seem to be problems for a supervisor to handle. Teil me which one and ril see what I can do. Some of the questions from last month take a lot of checking. I hope to have a report on safety and Plant I-Plant II differences by next month. I talked over the safety suggestions with members of the Committee and they would be worth an award if you want to jot them down on a blank. My answer on suggestion rejects stirred up a hornet s nest. The whole question of eligibility is getting a good airing. HereTs a cartoon one of the gals in Personnel found. Seems to fit the bill this month! ANDY

Lavish Greek Ceremony Unites Stella Kokinakes And John Theros

Ann Arbor's St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church was the scène September 6 of an impressive candlelight ceremony uniting Stella Kokinakes and John The ros. As the young couple pledged themselves to each other, marriage crowns, fastened together by a silk ribbon, were placed upon their heads and exchanged three times. The crowns and a lit candle which bride and gr oom hold together are symbols of union used in wedding rites of the Greek Church.

Father of the bride, Andy Kokinakes, of Production Planning, leads his daughter down the aisle in the picture to the left. Five hundred guests attended the church wedding and reception at the U.S. Armory. Among them we re Les Schwanbeck, Vincent Swickerath, Ken Geiger, Eric Soderholm, Lewis Belleau and their families. The ceremony was performed by Rev. Agamemnon Papastefanau.

American Legion Home

9 p.m. - 1 a.m. Saturday, October 24

Your Recreation Card admits you and your partner. Because of the increased number of Recreation Club members, you are asked not to bring guest couples for this dance.

Content Winners And Results Announced

Jane Maulbetsch, of Sales, and Bob Barsantee, Jr. , of the Tool Room, marked 8 out of 10 answers correct in last monthTs quiz on how our money was spent, and came the closest of 70 entrants to a perfect score. Close behind with 7 marked right were Bob Barsantee, Sr. , a tooi gage inspector in Engineering, Ed Zill, a designer in Engineering, Paul McCoy, of Lens Grinding, and Dick Bradmon, a night shift lens grinder. All six winners have been awarded $25 Government Bonds. (Itwas originally planned to award five bonds. An extra bond is being given so that all who marked 7 or more correct will receive a prize. ) The Barsantees spoke for the rest of the winners when they said it took one whole evening of studying old annual reports to come up with the right answers!

With The Women Bowlers

The women's bowling season is well underway with Smith's Sporting Goods and Customade

Slipcovers battling for first place with 11 wins to 1 loss each. Threatening the league leaders with a 10-2 score is the Golden Apples five, while Pittsfield Market and Roach Printing have turned in scores that promise the top teams a lot of trouble. At the end of the fourth week of play, Beulah Newman leads the list of markers. Her record of 5 strikes in a row was set in the second week of play. Since then she has run 7 spare s in a row to tie with Velma Hague and Doris Robbins for the spare honors. Velma has also reached 192 for the highest individual game. Other very fine scores have been turned in and from now on it will be a real battle to see who will be league champions.

How Did You Do On The Luiz? Oiu Jl N O

1. That our sales this year we re three times as great as they were in fiscal 1950 ($19,447,000 as comparedto $5,333,788 in 1950). Last month's sales alone were approximately one-half of our total 1950 sales ! 2. That federal income and excess profits taxes added up to more than $2,300,000-11. 8% of our total sales. Some Persons Knew 1. That federal excise taxes on our cameras and projectors would eat up another $2,000,000 of our sales. 2. That military sales would account for one-fourth of our total business. 3. That only 1% of our sales was paid in dividends to the owners of the business. This came to $111, 138 for the last fiscal year. 4. That our net profit out of $19,447,000 worth of camera, projector, and military sales would be only $800, 000 or 4. 1%. 5. That our total se rap bill last year, including unexplained losses, ran to almost $400,000.

Only a Few Knew té Tooiing costs for the Model "75" camera alone has added up to $250,000 since 1948 when production began on it. 2. That out of total costs of $15,958,000, salaries and wages came to $6,500,000. 3. That 85% of our net profit was reinvested in the business to provide for new facilities and future growth.

Wanted!

Oíd pictures of Argus, Cavac, and Arborphone for a future story in Argus Eyes on the history of the company. 1. Pictures of old products, especially the Kadette, Model M (first small AC-DC radio) and the Kadette Junior Pocket Radio. 2. Pictures of old departments, or Argus people at work.

Between The Deadlines

To Complete Studies Dennis Burke, of the Paint Shop, will be a busy man this f all. In addition to working part-time on the afternoon shift, he will be attending Michigan State Normal College for a full schedule of classes. Dennis is a junior majoring in industrial arts education. Major Quinn Writes Major and Mrs. Roland Quinn, of the Salvation Army, remembered Argus on their trip to Ireland this summer and sent a card to teil us how much they enjoyed using our C3 camera. Back to School Best wishes to Shirley Yoakam, of the Machine Shop, who has left Argus to return to school in Owosso. ShirleyTs many friends in the department wish her we 11, and hope that she will come back to Argus when she has her diploma. Conventioner Argus was represented at the recent American Hellenic Eduaational Progressive Association convention in Grand Rapids by Torn Kentes,of Service. Vacation Memories Lucille Miller, of the Machine Shop, is enjoying her vacation trip out West all over again with a set of beautiful color slides. Lucille and her husband also found time to visit Las Vegas. Surprise ! Evelyn Lindner, of the C3 assembly line, and Virginia Jacques of the C4 line, were surprised with farewell gifts f rom their fellow workers. Evelyn was given a matching necklace and earring set, while Virginia received a white gown. Best Wishes, Cleo Floyd and Cleo Wood celebrated their 20th wedding anniversary on the 23rd of September. The Woods have three children -- the oldest, Floyd, Jr. , is taking his basic training at Fort Dix, N.J. Cleo is an inspector on the "40" line. Get Well Soon The Machine Shop sends along hopes for a speedy recovery to Al Tessmer who was recently stricken with a heart attack. Al is now making progress toward a complete recovery. Expensive Vacation! Don Breehl, inspector on the 76 flash gun, came back from his vacation the owner of a 4-room house and 3 acres of land in New Philadelphia, Ohio.

Argus Small Try

How Red Feather And Red Cross Serve Argus

In the coming year, it is safe to predict that our lives or those of members of our families will be enriched many times by services of the Red Cross or Community Chest. The good work of these two organizations has become so much a part of our lives that it is hard to believe they could not exist without our generous support. Here are some of the ways Argus families have benefited directly from the Red Cross and Red Feather agencies. Not shown are the Family Service --which has guided several Argus families to happier lives; the YWCA with its services for young women; and the Salvation Army, well known for its religious guidance program and charitable work. A combined Red Cross and Community Chest drive begins at Argus October 12. When you give, remember that your donation must be shared by all these organizations.

Women Golfers Enjoy Final Picnic

The Women's Golf ing League season carne to an end September 2, with a picnic at the Island to distribute prizes and elect officers for the coming year. Main accomplishments of the season were recorded by Leona Smith of the Paint Shop, Betty Shattuck, of Timekeeping, and Mary Briggs, of Receiving Inspection. Leona and Betty were awarded trophies for posting low net scores on the final play of the year. MaryTs prize, a golf cart, was awarded for the greatest improvement throughout the season. Bea Frisinger, of Government Assembly, was elected president of next year's league, with Liz Clapham, of Personnel, as treasurer and Mary Briggs as secretary.

Sports Review

The curtain was raised on the 1953-54 Argus bowling season at the Hurón Lañes, Friday, September 11. Each of fifteen title-hungry entries has high hopes of being the team that would dethrone last yearfs (and most of the other year's) championship Paint Shop five. QUALITY CONTROL ENTRY SHOWS GOOD FORM In the opening matches, the scheduling committee tried to put teams of comparative strength against one another. Chuck McClunefs Quality Control drew the unenviable task of stopping the Paint Shop juggernaut. If last yearfs champions expected their opponents to lay down and play dead, they were given a very rude awakening. Showing no fear of the strength of their vaunted rivals, the controllers proceeded to remove much of the luster of last year's champs. With both teams bowling with no handicap the fired-up Quality Control entry took the opening game by the comfortable margin of 50 pins. This assult was car ried on into the second game, enabling them to swamp their opponents by better than 100 pins. Smarting under these unexpected reversals the Paint Shop gave an all-out effort to salvage the final game, but the control members took it by the slender margin of only 9 pins. Capt. McClune led his team's attack with a well-rolled 548 series, and was given strong support from Jess Cope, Ben Thompson, Rudy Janci arid anchor man Don Crump. From an early look at all the entries, it seems certain that again this year we should have a wideopen title chase.

GOLF The very successful 1953 Argus golfing season is now officially closed with the team of Bruce Pester and Walt Blackwell winning the grand title, and Walt Bartell being crowned Argus Open Champion. BARTELL WINS HARD-FOUGHT OPEN TITLE This year the Argus Open was played in an elimination tournament. After all of the entries had been received the players were placed in three group brackets. Two of the three were eliminated in each of the matches. After three rounds of the tournament, during which time many of the matches had to go extra holes to determine the winner, three players remained for the final play-offs. The three qualifiers were Gene Rohdeof theNight Shift League, Bruce Pester (who has had quite a golf ing

year!) and Walt Bartell, who, although not a member of any team, had been called upon as substitute during the regular seasonTs play. Af ter the first four holes, the battle seemed to have narrowed down to Rohde and Bartell with Rohde having the advantage. On the short fifth, however, Gene pulled nis iron shot out of bounds, and this seemed to upset his game. With his opponent showing signs of slowing down, Walt gained momentum, and by the end of the eighth hole had pulled himself up on even terms. The difficult ninth proved to be the "last long mile" for Gene, and Walt played the hole well to come out with a rather comfortable three-stroke margin. All three of the finalists we re presented with beautiful golf ing trophies which, as in the past two years, were given by Mr. Lewis. PESTER AND BLACKWELL CROWNED CHAMPS IN LEAGUE PLAY In the draw for the play-off positions among the various league champions, the duo of Peste r and Blackwell received a definite break when they were given a bye because the Tuesday League winning team of Jack Grimston and Morris Eggleston 'was unable to play on the scheduled date. While they were gaining a spot in the finals, the Roger Westphal-Bill Brookmyer combine (Continued on Next Page)

Nabb's "night Crawlers" Lead Night Bowlers

Harold NabbTs Night Crawlers forged to the top of the night shift bowling league by winning all eight points in the first two meets of the season. Close on their tails with a 7-1 average are the AMSFs captained by Ken Hubbell. Hubbeirs aggregation rolled up the highest team series-2155 pts. , while George Sponaugle so far has walked off with all individual honors for the highest rolled game and series.

Golf Champs Display Trophies

Sportó (Review (Continued) i had to turn back the determined bidi of the Night Shift winning team of ■ Joe Bravis and Bill Ambrazevich. j This match was a very closely con-u tested battle, but the steady play ofí Westphal and Brookmyer turned thei tide and earned them the right to enter the finals. WESTPHAL-BROOKMYER CHALLENGE IN PLAY-OFF i Entering final play-offs as the ■ underdog entry, Westphal and ' myer carried the battle to their ' vored opponents, and seemed well on J their way to an upset victory. f ever, on the eight-hand ninth hole, with defeat staring them in the face, J Pester and Blackwell settled down to'j apply the pressure. They stroked their way to a slender one-point tory. It was a very exciting match, and, the sportsmanship showed by all of, the contestants was remarkable. ? gratulations to the championship team , of Pester and Blackwell who have now earned the right to have their names inscribed on the beautiful trophy that had been won for two , years running by the team of Herb , Pfabe and "Lefty" Schlenker. , i

Many Thanks, Muriel!

In closing this golfing season, the

entire mexnbership would like toextend deepest appreciation to our petite and very efficiënt secretar y, Muriel Raaf, for the wonderful job that she has

done this season.

Argus Eyes

Argus Eyes is published for the employees of Argus Cameras, Inc. and their families. It is intended to be a means of friendly communication between them, and to provide a reliable source of information concerning the company's. business. Tess Canja of the Personnel Department makes sure that news is gathered and that pictures are obtained and arranged in readable fashion for publication the first week of everymonth. EddieGirvan furnishes photos. Reporters for this month's Argus Eyes were: Andy Argus, Jean FitzGerald, Bea Frisinger, Eddie Girvan, Sylvia Kalmbach, Jim Meidrum, Ruth CTHare, Cliff Olsen, Babe Peterson, Betty Shattuck, Lee Sherman and Hilda White.

Argus Cameras, Inc.

ANN ARBOR. MICHIGAN Return Postage Guaranteed Olive W Crua 1309 Millsr Arm Arbor, Ifich

Sc 56, P. L. R. U. S. POSTAGE P A I D Ann Arbor, Michigan PtnoiK No. 598

Girvan's Photo Corner

■■-■■■■- ■■■-■ ■■■■■- iBMMMMMMa ■ I Clip and save in Loóse Leaf Nocebook to build a Photo Manual THE C 4 CAMERA i O The C-4 camera has the features usually found on very expen sive -fast lens, high shutter speed, superimposed coupled ■ rangefinder, a combined viewfinder and rangefinder eyepiece, syni

chronized shutter, FM switch to permit picture taking with all bulbs at all speeds, doublé exposure prevention coupled to film transport, die-cast body, and precise operating tolerances. The C-4 has an infinite number of lens openings, of which six are marked on the front with the symbol "f . M The range of marked f openings is from f22 to f2.8. The largest number, f22, is the smallest opening. As the f number gets smaller, the opening gets bigger. On the C-4, as on all cameras, each f opening O Iets in twice as much light as the previous smaller opening. Thus, fll is twice the size of f16, f8 is twice the size of fll, etc. The shutter speeds are also in steps which doublé the amount of light passing through and we have a range from 110 second to 1300. There is an exception as the 1300 speed is only 12 speed f aster than the 1200. While the C-3 has to be set at 130 second when using wire or foil-filled bulbs, such as #5, 5B, 11, or 40, the C-4 has a built-in control which permits the use of any speed with the bulbs mentioned. This is called the FM switch. When set on M, the O switch arranges the circuit so that even a high shutter speed can be synchronized with a bulb that takes a while to light up to its peak.

Here is some basic information which you can cut out and glue , to the back of your C-4 camera or carrying case. It can also apply to the vt21. " Both cameras are very versatile units. To get the most out of them, you should not limit them to the settings Usted here, but # should learn all you can about their use. s b ''